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Bad Breath: Research Perspectives - Zinc
Ramot Publishing - Tel Aviy University In summary, the anti-bacterial approach can result in reduced formation of VSC as the clinical use of rinses containing CPC, BTC and the phenolic flavor oils have been demonstrated. Acid Conversion Approach As previously mentioned, the odorous acid volatiles responsible for oral malodor can be converted to a non-odorous form. The next two studies evaluated a zinc salt and sodium bicarbonate on VSC reduction effects of BTC. Levels of the two major were determined and reported separately in that BTC was active in reducing CH)SH by baseline value, whereas H:S showed a 15% significance between the BTC and placebo i. Sodium bicarbonate A sodium bicarbonate fluoride dentifrice was compared to a regular fluoride dentifrice in a human study designed to determine the short-term (3 hour effect) of product the results (Table 8) indicate that the sodium bicarbonate dentifrice \\as effective giving a statistically significant 43% reduction versus mean VSC levels (p < 0.01). A comparison of the final mean VSC levels provided by the two products indicate that the sodium bicarbonate dentifrice with superior to the fluoride dentifrice (p = 0.01). ii. Zinc chloride Using the same clinical design as with sodium bicarbonate, the efficacy of zinc chloride (Zinc) was examined in a rinse. The zinc ion was effective giving a statistically significant 24% reduction in VSC versus the mean baseline score. When the final mean VSC scores were compared, the zinc chloride-containing rinse was also superior to the placebo rinse. A flavor component was selected to enhance this effect, which leads, to the combination approach. Zinc with Alpha-Ionone, a Combined Approach Folklore in the US indicates that tomato juice is traditionally used to neutralize skunk odor on clothes and pets. Skunk odor results from volatile sulfide components, similar to the components responsible for oral malodor in humans. When tomato juice flavor components were evaluated individually and in combination, it was observed that beta-ion one alone and in combination with a zinc salt strongly inhibited VSC formation in vitro. Alpha-ionone, having a more acceptable taste, was substituted for the beta-ionone form Based on the in vitro results, a zinc/alpha-ionone combination was tested clinically resulting in an Increased effectiveness with 59% reduction versus the initial baseline mean, A statistically significant difference was also observed when the final mean VSC scores for the zinc/alpha-ionone and placebo rinses were combined. Using the results of the zinc/alpha-ionone combination was also about twice as effective as zinc chloride alone. These clinical results indicate that the above approaches, when used alone or in combination, can significantly reduce VSC production, thereby controlling the intensity of offensive mouth odor for 3-4 hours. Combined Approach that tomato juice is traditionally used to treat pets. Skunk odor results from volatile ~ components responsible for oral malodor components were evaluated individually that beta-ionone alone and in combination d VSC formation in vitro. Alpha-ionone, is substituted for the beta-ionone form Summary In summary it has been demonstrated that: I. Gram-negative organic; runs are primary contributors to the production of VSC in the local oral cavity and VSC production parallels offensive oral malodor. 2. There is a relationship between H2S production and gingival inflammation. |
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